The objective of this Statement of Need was to improve management of impacted stormwater emanating from Department of Defense (DoD) facilities adjacent to waterways. The primary concern was the management of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-impacted runoff or infiltration to groundwater from historic aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) use. Specific objectives included:

• Develop cost-effective active treatment technologies to treat chemicals of concern (COCs) in stormwater that will effectively handle varying flows and complex stormwater mixtures of varying dissolved organic carbon content.
• Develop passive treatment technologies that will remove COCs from stormwater and can accommodate variable flows (base and peak flow of a 2-year storm). Of particular interest are technologies that are designed to function in place over the long term with minimal maintenance, as well as allow for efficient and safe replacement of passive media.
• Develop innovative stormwater control and treatment technologies that improve stormwater management through prevention of sediment recontamination and addition to the existing water supply.
• Methods for assessing and determining background PFAS concentrations in discharge waters at DoD facilities.

Proposers should have addressed one or more of the objectives. Research proposals could involve laboratory-, bench-, and/or field-scale studies. All proposals were closely evaluated as to how the research may ultimately be used to improve stormwater management. Proposers should have clearly stated the PFAS that would be addressed. Other COCs could be included for study, but the rationale for additional COCs must have been provided and such proposals should have addressed PFAS and the additional COCs. Proposers should have clearly delineated how new technologies differ and improve upon current practices. All analytical work was required to follow Draft Method 1633 (Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous, Solid, Biosolids, and Tissue Samples by LC-MS/MS).

Funded projects will appear below as project overviews are posted to the website.