The availability, cost, and quality of water supplies are critical concerns for military installations and military operations within the United States and around the world. Military installations depend on reliable and secure sources of water to ensure mission execution, to both sustain humans and to support industrial and operational processes. Of equal concern is the increasing interdependence of water and energy supplies, in which water is required to produce energy and energy is required to provide water. SERDP and ESTCP are developing and demonstrating technologies that improve water security, reduce waste and ensure sufficient quantity and quality of water to support DoD missions.